How Many Registered Tribal Members Does The Blackfeet Sioux Have
| Blackfeet Tribe of the Aamsskáápipikani, Pikuni | |
|---|---|
| Indian reservation | |
 Northern boundary of the Blackfeet Tribe, Montana | |
| Flag | |
 Location in Montana | |
| Tribe | Blackfoot (Niitsitapi) |
| Country | The states |
| State | Montana |
| Counties | Glacier Pondera |
| Headquarters | Browning |
| Authorities [1] | |
| • Body | Vern Timmerman |
| • Chairman | Timothy Davis |
| • Vice-Chairman | Terry J. Tatsey |
| Surface area | |
| • Total | 2,285.4 sq mi (5,919.one kmtwo) |
| • Fee lands | 827.85 sq mi (2,144.thirteen km2) |
| Highest elevation | 9,066 ft (2,763 m) |
| Lowest elevation | 3,400 ft (ane,000 m) |
| Population (2017)[2] | |
| • Total | ten,938 |
| • Density | 4.8/sq mi (1.8/kmii) |
| Website | blackfeetnation.com |
Entering the reservation on U.S. Route ii
The Blackfeet Nation (Blackfoot: Aamsskáápipikani, Pikuni), officially named the Blackfeet Tribe of the Blackfeet Indian Reservation of Montana,[three] is a federally recognized tribe of Siksikaitsitapi people with an Indian reservation in Montana. Tribal members primarily vest to the Piegan Blackfeet (Ampskapi Piikani) band of the larger Blackfoot Confederacy that spans Canada and the United States.
The Blackfeet Indian Reservation is located e of Glacier National Park and borders the Canadian province of Alberta. Cutting Banking concern Creek and Birch Creek grade part of its eastern and southern borders. The reservation contains 3,000 foursquare miles (7,800 km2), twice the size of the national park and larger than the state of Delaware. It is located in parts of Glacier and Pondera counties.
History [edit]
The Blackfeet settled in the region around Montana commencement in the 17th century. Previously, they resided in an surface area of the woodlands north and west of the Keen Lakes. Pressure exerted by British traders at James Bay in present mean solar day Canada on the Algonquin-speaking tribes in the area collection the Blackfeet out onto the Northern Plains. They eventually acquired firearms and horses, and became a formidable instance of the classic Plains Indian civilisation. They were a powerful force, controlling an area that extended from current solar day Edmonton, Alberta Province, nearly to Yellowstone Park, and from Glacier Park to the Black Hills of South Dakota. The Badger-Two Medicine area is a pregnant sacred site for the tribe.
In the late 19th century, Blackfeet territory was encroached on by European Americans and Canadians, and various branches of the people were forced to cede lands and ultimately motility to smaller Indian reservations in the United states of america and reserves in Canada.[4] Adjacent to their reservation, established by Treaty of 1896, are two federally controlled areas: the Lewis and Clark National Forest, set up in 1896, which contains the Badger-Ii Medicine area, an surface area of 200 square miles (520 km2); and Glacier National Park, both office of the tribal nation'southward old territory. The Badger-Two Medicine surface area is sacred to the Blackfeet people.[four] This sacred part of the Rocky Mount Forepart was excluded from Blackfeet lands in a Treaty of 1896, but they reserved access, hunting and angling rights.[5] Since the early 1980s, when the Bureau of Land Direction approved drilling rights leases without consultation with the tribe, the Blackfeet have worked to protect this sacred area, where they expert their traditional religious rituals.
The US federal government suspended all leasing activities for drilling in this area in the 1990s, and in 2007 the Bush administration fabricated permanent a moratorium on issuing new permits. Many leaseholders had already relinquished their leases, and in November 2016 the Department of Interior announced the cancellation of the 15 drilling rights leases held by Devon Energy Corporation in the Badger-Ii Medicine area.[four] The Blackfeet had documented that the area was not a "wilderness," as the Bob Marshall Wilderness Complex was designated in 1964, simply a "human landscape" shaped past and integral to their culture.[4]
Geography [edit]
Elevations in the reservation range from a low of 3,400 feet (i,000 k) to a high of 9,066 anxiety (2,763 1000) at Chief Mountain. Adjacent mountains include Ninaki Mountain and Papoose. The eastern office of the reservation is by and large open hills of grassland, while a narrow strip along the western edge is covered past forests of fir and spruce. Complimentary-ranging cattle are present in several areas, sometimes including on roadways.
Several waterways drain the area with the largest being the St. Mary River, Two Medicine River, Milk River, Birch Creek and Cut Bank Creek. At that place are 175 miles (282 km) of streams and eight major lakes on the reservation.
The reservation is east of the Lewis and Clark National Woods in Montana, which contains the Annoy-2 Medicine area, sacred to the Blackfeet people.[4] The Badger-Two Medicine surface area is at the Rocky Mount Front end of the national forest. The Blackfeet call the Rocky Mountains the "Backbone of the World". Their names for peaks include Morning Star, Poia, Little Feather, Running Crane, Spotted Eagle, Kiyo, Scarface, Elkcalf Bullshoe, and Curly Bear.[half-dozen]
Demographics [edit]
The 2010 census reported a population of x,405 living on the reservation lands.[7] The population density is three.47 people per square mile (1.34 people/km²).
The Blackfeet Nation has 16,500 enrolled members. The main community is Browning, Montana, which is the seat of tribal regime. Other towns serve the tourist economic system forth the edge of the park: St. Mary and East Glacier Park Village, which has an Amtrak passenger station and the historic Glacier Park Social club. Small communities include Babb, Kiowa, Blackfoot, Seville, Heart Butte, Starr Schoolhouse, and Glacier Homes.
Communities [edit]
- Babb
- Browning
- East Glacier Park Village
- Middle Butte
- Trivial Browning
- North Browning
- St. Mary
- Due south Browning
- Starr School
Culture [edit]
The tribe has an oral history of 10,000 years in this region. Information technology recounts the sacred nature of their cardinal place, the Badger-Two Medicine area, known as their site of cosmos and origin.[8]
The Rocky Mount Front near Birch Creek The Annoy-Ii Medicine is "covered by the Treaty of 1896, which gives Blackfeet tribal members the correct to hunt and fish in any portion of the area in accordance with land law and cut wood for domestic use. Blackfeet treaty claims too as spiritual and cultural uses of the Annoy-2 Medicine are pre-existing rights... Blackfeet tribal members take used the Badger-2 Medicine and its waters for hundreds of years for vision quests and for other religious and cultural purposes."[6]
In 2002, the Department of Interior declared roughly two-thirds (almost 90,000 acres) of the Badger-Two Medicine surface area forth the Rocky Mount Front as eligible for list as a Traditional Cultural District in the National Register of Historic Places.[six] This was a recognition of its importance to the Blackfeet. They used an ethnographer to certificate their oral history of use and practices, and in 2014 used this information to negotiate with stakeholders over leases for drilling rights that had been made in the area.[iv]
The nation celebrates N American Indian Days, an annual festival held on powwow grounds, almost the Museum of the Plains Indian in Browning. Side by side to the reservation's eastern edge is the city of Cutting Bank.
Economic system [edit]
Because of its isolated location, residents of the reservation have suffered high unemployment. As of May 2016, the Montana Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) Program Preliminary Non-Seasonally Adjusted Data reports the rate is 11.0% on the reservation (for comparison, at the same fourth dimension, unemployment was 3.6% for Montana and 4.5% for the U.S.).[9]
In 2001, the BIA reported 69 percent unemployment among registered members of the tribe.[x] Among those who were employed that yr, 26% earned less than the poverty guideline.
The major income source of the reservation is oil and natural gas leases on the oil fields on tribal lands. In 1982, there were 643 producing oil wells and 47 producing gas wells.
The reservation also has a significant tourist manufacture.[eleven] Other economic activities include ranching and a small lumber industry, which supported the Blackfeet Indian Writing Visitor pencil factory in Browning.[12]
Farms located at least partially on the reservation reported a total income of $9 1000000 in 2002. A full of 354 farms covered 1,291,180 acres (5,225.ii km2), the majority of the reservation'south land. Virtually of these farms or ranches were family unit-owned, including the 198 farms owned by Native Americans.[13]
Eighty percent of the land was used for raising beefiness cattle, which produced lxxx per centum of subcontract income. Other livestock included hogs, and chickens, with but small numbers of dairy cattle, bison, horses, and sheep.[13]
Of the 245,530 acres (993.6 kmii) used for growing crops, just 32,158 acres (130.fourteen km2), or 13%, were irrigated. Crops raised included wheat, barley, and hay with a smaller amount of oats.[13]
Members of the tribe work seasonally in wildfire firefighting, a source of considerable individual income. In 2000, some 1,000 Blackfeet worked as firefighters, including the elite Primary Mountain Hotshots squad. Firefighting income brought in $6.1 1000000 that year. However, this income is highly variable depending on the severity of the wildfire season.
On April thirty, 2010, the Blackfeet Tribal Concern Council (BTBC) approved three major initiatives totaling $five.v one thousand thousand. The revenue was to be derived from payments for oil exploration from Newfield Production Co. The BTBC canonical a $200 special per capita payments for all sixteen,500 members, initial funding for a new grocery store in Browning, and more than than $1 1000000 for land acquisition within the reservation to return property to tribal command.
Government [edit]
Human relationship of the National Park and the reservation
The Blackfeet Nation runs the sovereign government on the reservation through its elected Tribal Business Council. For many years Earl Former Person led the council.[14] Old Person was as well the honorary chief of the tribe.[15] It provides most services, including courts, kid welfare, employment help, wildlife management, health intendance, instruction, state management, and senior services, likewise as garbage collection and water systems. They worked with the federal Bureau of Indian Affairs to replace native police with federal officers in 2003 because of issues in the local force.
The reservation includes several types of land use. Of the full i,462,640 acres (5,919.1 km2), 650,558 acres (2,632.71 kmii) are held in trust for enrolled tribal members, 311,324 acres (i,259.88 kmii) are held directly by the tribe, and eight,292 acres (33.56 km2) are Authorities Reserve, mostly irrigation projects and the Cut Depository financial institution Boarding School Reserve. The remaining 529,826 acres (2,144.13 kmii) are Fee lands, which is taxable and may be privately owned by the tribe, tribe members or not-tribe members.
The tribe leases some of its communal country for homes, farms, grazing, and commercial uses. They offer leases to tribe members prior to non-members. The tribe has the correct of showtime refusal; all private land offered for sale within the reservation must exist offered to the tribe first. If they decline to buy information technology, they grant a waiver permitting purchase past non-Native parties.
Transportation [edit]
There are no paved northward-south roads in Glacier National Park. Access to sites on the east side of the park is provided by U.S. Route 89, which runs through the reservation to the Canada–US edge, crossing near Chief Mountain. It provides access to the Canadian sister national park, Waterton Lakes. Both due east-due west routes for the park travel through the reservation, as does the rider railroad train service on Amtrak's Empire Architect. Several hiking trails continue out of the park and across the reservation; they require Blackfeet-issued permits for use.
Notable people [edit]
- Gordon Belcourt (1945–2013), Executive Director of the Montana-Wyoming Tribal Leaders Council[16]
- Black Social club Singers, powwow singers and drum group
- Elouise P. Cobell (1945–2011), tribal treasurer and founder of Blackfeet Nation Banking concern. She identified mismanagement of trust land fees past the departments of Interior and Treasury, and sought corrections in Washington. In 1996 she filed a class-activity adapt against the government in what is known as Cobell five. Salazar, settled by the federal government for $3.iv billion in 2009. The settlement provides for payment to potentially more than 250,000 plaintiffs, repurchase of lands across the land for transfer to tribal management, and a scholarship fund for Native American and Alaskan Native students.
- Richie Havens (1941–2013), singer-songwriter and guitarist
- Joe Hipp (born 1962), professional boxer
- Donna Hutchinson (built-in 1949), elected equally member of the Arkansas House of Representatives from Bella Vista, Arkansas, served from 2007 to 2013
- Mountain Chief (1848–1942)
- Earl Old Person (1929-2021), tribal principal and politico
- Steve Reevis (1962–2017), actor (Geronimo: An American Legend, The Missing, Fargo)
- Misty Upham (1982–2014), actor[17]
- Stephen Graham Jones (born 1972), author
See also [edit]
- Tipi ring, with data virtually study of tipi band sites on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation
- Darrell "Dusty" Crawford learned that he has what may exist the oldest Deoxyribonucleic acid native to the Americas. The test revealed the origins of his Blackfeet ancestors who may have already been in the Americas about 17,000 years agone.[18]
References [edit]
- ^ "Blackfeet Nation - Our Government". Retrieved 2019-07-24 .
- ^
- ^ "Blackfeet Nation Constitution". Blackfeet Nation . Retrieved 22 July 2017.
- ^ a b c d eastward f Renae Ditmer, "On Eve of Movie Premier, Interior Cancels Oil and Gas Leases in Blackfeet 'Cathedral'", Indian State Today, 22 Nov 2016; accessed 23 Nov 2016
- ^ Weber, Samantha (2019-04-23). "The Blackfeet Nation is opening its own national park". High Country News. Archived from the original on 2019-04-23. Retrieved 2021-11-06 .
- ^ a b c Rocky Mountain Front Archived 2016-03-31 at the Wayback Machine, Browning, Montana website
- ^ "Census shows growth at 4 Montana reservations". helenair.com/Contained Record. 28 March 2011. Retrieved 2 April 2011.
- ^ Dark-brown, Matthew (December 23, 2021). "Visitor Seeks to Restore Oil Lease on Country Sacred to Tribes". U.S. News & World Report. Associated Press.
- ^ "lmi.mt.gov > Home". lmi.mt.gov . Retrieved 2016-07-11 .
- ^ "Bureau of Indian Affairs Adding of Unemployment Rates for Montana Indian Reservations". Feb 2007. Archived from the original on May 4, 2005. Retrieved 2013-04-28 .
- ^ Bolton, Aaron (June 22, 2022). "Blackfeet Nation Welcomes Back Tourists Afterward Risky Shutdown Pays Off". NPR.org . Retrieved 2021-06-23 .
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Blackfeet Indian Writing Co., Inc". www.pencilpages.com.
- ^ a b c "NATIONAL Agronomical STATISTICS SERVICE". October 2004. Archived from the original on July 11, 2007. Retrieved 2013-04-28 .
- ^ "Sometime Person: A legacy for the ages". greatfallstribune.com.
- ^ Jack McNeel, "x Things Yous Should Know about the Blackfeet Nation", Indian Land Today, 19 Nov 2015; accessed 24 November 2016
- ^ Devlin, Vince (2013-07-17). "Gordon Belcourt remembered equally advocate for Indian Country". The Missoulian . Retrieved 2013-08-10 .
- ^ Schmidt, Rob. " Blackfeet Actress Misty Upham On Filming 'Jimmy P.' with Benicio Del Toro" Archived 2014-10-15 at the Wayback Machine, Indian Country Today Media Network, xxx Sept 2013. Accessed one Feb 2014.
- ^ "This Man'south DNA is the Oldest in North America". Alive Science. 8 May 2019.
References [edit]
- Farr, William E. The Reservation Blackfeet: A Photographic History of Cultural Survival. Foreword past James Welch. Seattle: University of Washington Printing, 1984. ISBN 0-295-96040-X
- McFee, Malcolm. Modernistic Blackfeet: Montanans on a Reservation. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1972. ISBN 0-03-085768-6
External links [edit]
- Blackfeet Tribal State Department
- Official tribe website
- Blackfeet Reservation and Off-Reservation Trust Land, Montana, United States Census Agency
- Singer/songwriter/storyteller/lecturer Jack Gladstone
- James Willard Schultz Papers, 1867-1969, University of Montana Library
Coordinates: 48°39′31″Northward 112°52′xviii″Due west / 48.65861°N 112.87167°Westward / 48.65861; -112.87167
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackfeet_Nation
Posted by: delgadoforwas.blogspot.com
0 Response to "How Many Registered Tribal Members Does The Blackfeet Sioux Have"
Post a Comment